This paper analyzes the background,positioning and standards of the establishment of the Special Assistance System for Families Practicing Family Planning,and its relationship to other relevant social security systems,including the Minimum Subsistence Guarantee System for rural and urban residents,and Social Preference and Compensation System.It argues that the Special Assistance System for Families Practicing Family Planning and related social security systems should overlap and be kept in rational balance,and that a dynamic adjustment mechanism should be established in reference to other relevant social security systems.It also discusses the positive social effect,existed problems and its coping suggestions associated with the Special Assistance System.